Docker常用命令实战
2022/07/31 23:03:23
1銆佸父鐢ㄥ懡浠
2銆佸熀纭瀹炴垬
1. 鎵鹃暅鍍(docker hub)骞朵笅杞(docker pull)锛
1.渚嬪锛氫笅杞絥ginx鍜宺edis锛屽幓docker hub鎵惧埌nginx鍜宺edis闀滃儚
docker pull nginx #榛樿涓嬭浇鏈鏂扮増
docker pull redis #榛樿涓嬭浇鏈鏂扮増
//濡傛灉瑕佷笅杞芥寚瀹氱増鏈細闀滃儚鍚:鐗堟湰鍚嶏紙涔熷彨鏍囩锛;渚嬪锛歞ocker pull nginx:1.20.1
2.鏌ョ湅涓嬭浇鐨勯暅鍍(docker images)閮戒繚瀛樺湪鏈湴
docker images #鏌ョ湅鎵鏈夐暅鍍
3.鍒犻櫎涓嬭浇鐨勯暅鍍(docker rmi)锛屽苟鍐嶆鏌ョ湅
docker rmi 闀滃儚鍚嶏紱
# 渚嬪锛歞ocker rmi redis 锛坣ginx绛変环浜巒ginx:latest锛夊垹闄ょ殑鏄渶鏂扮増鏈
# 濡傛灉鍒犻櫎鎸囧畾鐗堟湰鍛紵
docker rmi 闀滃儚鍚:鐗堟湰鍙/闀滃儚id
2. 鍚姩瀹瑰櫒锛
1. 鍚姩(docker run)
docker run [OPTIONS] IMAGE [COMMAND] [ARG...]
# 瑙ｉ噴锛氥恉ocker run 璁剧疆椤 闀滃儚鍚 銆 闀滃儚鍚姩杩愯鐨勫懡浠わ紙闀滃儚閲岄潰榛樿鏈夌殑锛屼竴鑸笉浼氬啓锛
# 渚嬶細docker run --name=mynginx -d --restart=always -p 88:80 nginx
# --name=mynginx璁剧疆鍚嶅瓧
# -d锛氬悗鍙拌繍琛
# --restart=always: 寮鏈鸿嚜鍚
# -p 88:80 鎶婁富鏈虹殑88绔彛杞埌80绔彛
# 鍚姩nginx搴旂敤瀹瑰櫒锛岀湡姝ｇ殑杩愯璧锋潵锛涘苟鏄犲皠88绔彛锛屾祴璇曠殑璁块棶
2.鍋滄杩愯
# 鍋滄瀹瑰櫒
docker stop 瀹瑰櫒id/鍚嶅瓧
# 鍐嶆鍚姩
docker start 瀹瑰櫒id/鍚嶅瓧
3.鏌ョ湅姝ｅ湪杩愯鐨勫鍣
docker ps
鈥4. 鏌ョ湅docker杩愯鐨勫拰鍋滄鐨勫鍣
docker ps -a
5.鍒犻櫎(docker rmdocker )
# 鍒犻櫎鍋滄鐨勫鍣
docker rm 瀹瑰櫒id/鍚嶅瓧
# 寮哄埗鍒犻櫎姝ｅ湪杩愯涓殑
docker rm -f mynginx
鈥嬧嬧6.琛ュ厖
# 濡傛灉鎵嶅紑濮嬫病鏈夎缃紑鏈鸿嚜鍚庝箞鍔烇紵鏇存柊涓涓嬭缃」
docker update 瀹瑰櫒id/鍚嶅瓧 --restart=always
3. 淇敼瀹瑰櫒鍐呭锛氫慨鏀归粯璁ょ殑index.html 椤甸潰
鏂规硶1锛氳繘鍏ュ埌瀹瑰櫒閲屽幓淇敼
1.閫氳繃鍏綉IP192.168.2.129锛88绔彛鍘昏闂畁ginx
2. 淇敼榛樿鐨刬ndex.html 椤甸潰
杩涘叆瀹瑰櫒鍐呴儴淇敼
# 杩涘叆瀹瑰櫒鍐呴儴鐨勭郴缁燂紝淇敼瀹瑰櫒鍐呭
docker exec -it 瀹瑰櫒id /bin/bash
# -it琛ㄧず宸蹭氦浜掓ā寮忚繘鍏ュ鍣
# /bin/bash 杩涘叆瀹瑰櫒鐨刡ash鎺у埗鍙帮紙鐩稿綋浜巐inux涓嬬殑鍙︿竴涓皬鍨媗inux鐜锛
cd /usr/share/nginx/html #鐒跺悗ls锛岄噷闈㈡湁涓涓猧ndex.html
echo "<h1>Welcome to China</h1>" > index.html #<h1></h1>琛ㄧず鏍囬
# 鏀瑰ソ椤甸潰浠ュ悗锛宔xit灏卞彲浠ラ鍑猴紒
閫氳繃鍏綉IP192.168.2.129锛88绔彛鍘昏闂畁ginx锛屽氨浼氬彂鐜伴〉闈慨鏀规垚鍔
鏂规硶2锛氬懡浠ゆ寕杞斤細鍦ㄤ富鏈哄闈慨鏀
1.鎶婂鍣ㄩ噷鐨勭洰褰曚笌褰撳墠鐩綍寤虹珛璧烽摼鎺
docker run --name=mynginx -d --restart=always -p 88:80 \
-v /data/html:/usr/share/nginx/html :ro nginx
# -v 鍚庨潰琛ㄧず鎶婁富鏈虹殑鐩綍鎸傝浇鍒板鍣ㄩ噷鐨勭洰褰曪紝鍜岀鍙ｇ殑鏂瑰紡寰堢浉浼硷紱
# /data/html涓绘満鐩綍
# /usr/share/nginx/html瀹瑰櫒鐩綍
# ro 琛ㄧず瀹瑰櫒閲屼笉鑳芥敼锛屽彧鑳藉湪瀹瑰櫒澶栬繘琛屾洿鏀
2.姝ゆ椂cd /data/html椤甸潰锛宭s閲岄潰浠涔堥兘娌℃湁锛涘洜涓轰富鏈烘槸绌虹殑锛屽鍣ㄤ篃鏄┖
3.鐒跺悗杩涜杩藉姞淇敼锛岀敓鎴愪竴涓猧ndex.html椤甸潰
4.姝ゆ椂鍐嶅幓璁块棶锛屼篃鍙互鍋氬埌淇敼
4.鎻愪氦鏀瑰彉锛氬皢鑷繁淇敼濂界殑闀滃儚鎻愪氦
docker commit [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [REPOSITORY[:TAG]]
1. 閫氳繃docker commit --help鏌ョ湅甯姪鏂囨。
2. 鎻愪氦骞惰缃
3. 鐢熸垚涓涓柊鐨勯暅鍍弞lnginx
4.浠ュ悗璁块棶椤甸潰锛岃鎯宠闂師鏉ョ殑椤甸潰锛屽氨鍚姩鍘熸潵鐨勯暅鍍弉ginx锛涜鎯宠闂柊鐨勯〉闈㈠氨鍚姩zlnginx闀滃儚
5. 濡備綍鎶婁慨鏀瑰ソ鐨勯暅鍍(zlnginx)浼犺緭鍒颁竴鍙版柊鐨勬湇鍔″櫒锛
鏂规硶1锛氭墦鎴愬帇缂╁寘
1.鐗╃悊浼犺緭锛氭墦鎴愬帇缂╁寘
docker save -o zlnginx.tar zlnginx:v1
# -o 琛ㄧず鎸囧畾鐨勫帇缂╁寘鍚嶅瓧锛屽悕瀛楁槸浠.tar缁撳熬鐨勫帇缂╁寘鏂囦欢
2.鎶婂帇缂╁寘浼犲埌鏈哄櫒涓婂悗锛岀劧鍚庡姞杞
docker load -i zlnginx.tar
# -i 琛ㄧず鍚庨潰璺熺殑鏄鍔犺浇鐨勯暅鍍忓帇缂╁寘鍚
3.姝ゆ椂鍦╠ocker images灏卞彲浠ョ湅鍒皕lnginx闀滃儚浜!
鏂规硶2锛氭帹閫佸埌杩滅▼浠撳簱(docker hub)锛岄暅鍍忔帹閫
1.闇瑕佸厛娉ㄥ唽鐧诲綍docker hub
2. 鍒涘缓涓涓粨搴(create a Repository)
3.creat鍒涘缓浠ュ悗寰楀埌浠ヤ笅鐣岄潰
4.鏍规嵁鎻愮ず锛屾妸鏂扮殑闀滃儚鎺ㄩ佸埌浠撳簱锛屾敞鎰忚甯︿笂鍚嶅瓧
4.1 鍏堟妸鏃ч暅鍍忕殑鍚嶅瓧锛屾敼鎴愪粨搴撹姹傜殑鏂扮増鏈悕瀛
docker tag local-image:tagname new-repo:tagname
# local-image:tagname锛屾湰鍦扮殑闀滃儚鍜屾爣绛撅紝杩欓噷灏辨槸锛歾lnginx鍜寁1
# new-repo:tagname锛屾柊鐨勫悕瀛楀拰鐗堟湰鍙,渚嬪锛歾znginx.v1
# 鏍规嵁闇瑕佽嚜宸变慨鏀
docker tag zlnginx:v1 1870298479/zznginx:v1.0
杩欐椂docker images灏辫兘鏌ュ埌1870298479/zznginx:v1闀滃儚
4.2 杩涜鎺ㄩ
锛1锛夊湪鎺ㄩ佸墠鍏堣繘琛岀櫥褰曪細
docker login
锛2锛夌劧鍚庝細璁╀綘杈撳叆鐧诲綍鐨勮处鍙峰瘑鐮侊細
锛3锛 鐧讳笂浠ュ悗灏卞彲浠ヨ繘琛屾帹閫
docker push 1870298479/zznginx:v1.0
锛4锛夋帹閫佸畬浠ュ悗杩涜鐧诲嚭
锛5锛夊啀娆″洖鍒癲ocker hub椤甸潰灏卞彲浠ョ湅鍒皏1鐗堟湰浜
锛6锛夌偣鍑诲鍒讹紝鍒殑鏈哄櫒灏卞彲浠ョ洿鎺ヤ笅杞戒娇鐢ㄤ簡
docker pull 1870298479/zznginx:v1
6.琛ュ厖甯哥敤鍛戒护
1.鏌ョ湅瀹瑰櫒鐨勮繍琛屾棩蹇
docker logs 瀹瑰櫒鍚/id
2.杩涘叆鍒版煇涓鍣ㄩ噷
docker exec -it 瀹瑰櫒id /bin/bash
3.docker缁忓父淇敼nginx閰嶇疆鏂囦欢锛屾墍浠ユ妸nginx閰嶇疆鏂囦欢涔熸寕杞藉嚭鏉
docker run -d -p 88:80 \
-v /data/html:/usr/share/nginx/html:ro \ #nginx椤甸潰鎸傝浇鍑烘潵
-v /data/conf/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf \ #nginx閰嶇疆鏂囦欢鎸傝浇鍑烘潵
--name mynginx-02 \
nginx
4.鎶婂鍣ㄦ寚瀹氫綅缃殑涓滆タ澶嶅埗鍑烘潵
docker cp 5eff66eec7e1:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf /data/conf/nginx.conf
5. 鎶婂闈㈢殑鍐呭澶嶅埗鍒板鍣ㄩ噷闈
docker cp /data/conf/nginx.conf 5eff66eec7e1:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
2銆佸熀纭瀹炴垬
1. 鎵鹃暅鍍(docker hub)骞朵笅杞(docker pull)锛
1.渚嬪锛氫笅杞絥ginx鍜宺edis锛屽幓docker hub鎵惧埌nginx鍜宺edis闀滃儚
docker pull nginx #榛樿涓嬭浇鏈鏂扮増
docker pull redis #榛樿涓嬭浇鏈鏂扮増
//濡傛灉瑕佷笅杞芥寚瀹氱増鏈細闀滃儚鍚:鐗堟湰鍚嶏紙涔熷彨鏍囩锛;渚嬪锛歞ocker pull nginx:1.20.1
2.鏌ョ湅涓嬭浇鐨勯暅鍍(docker images)閮戒繚瀛樺湪鏈湴
docker images #鏌ョ湅鎵鏈夐暅鍍
3.鍒犻櫎涓嬭浇鐨勯暅鍍(docker rmi)锛屽苟鍐嶆鏌ョ湅
docker rmi 闀滃儚鍚嶏紱
# 渚嬪锛歞ocker rmi redis 锛坣ginx绛変环浜巒ginx:latest锛夊垹闄ょ殑鏄渶鏂扮増鏈
# 濡傛灉鍒犻櫎鎸囧畾鐗堟湰鍛紵
docker rmi 闀滃儚鍚:鐗堟湰鍙/闀滃儚id
2. 鍚姩瀹瑰櫒锛
1. 鍚姩(docker run)
docker run [OPTIONS] IMAGE [COMMAND] [ARG...]
# 瑙ｉ噴锛氥恉ocker run 璁剧疆椤 闀滃儚鍚 銆 闀滃儚鍚姩杩愯鐨勫懡浠わ紙闀滃儚閲岄潰榛樿鏈夌殑锛屼竴鑸笉浼氬啓锛
# 渚嬶細docker run --name=mynginx -d --restart=always -p 88:80 nginx
# --name=mynginx璁剧疆鍚嶅瓧
# -d锛氬悗鍙拌繍琛
# --restart=always: 寮鏈鸿嚜鍚
# -p 88:80 鎶婁富鏈虹殑88绔彛杞埌80绔彛
# 鍚姩nginx搴旂敤瀹瑰櫒锛岀湡姝ｇ殑杩愯璧锋潵锛涘苟鏄犲皠88绔彛锛屾祴璇曠殑璁块棶
2.鍋滄杩愯
# 鍋滄瀹瑰櫒
docker stop 瀹瑰櫒id/鍚嶅瓧
# 鍐嶆鍚姩
docker start 瀹瑰櫒id/鍚嶅瓧
3.鏌ョ湅姝ｅ湪杩愯鐨勫鍣
docker ps
鈥4. 鏌ョ湅docker杩愯鐨勫拰鍋滄鐨勫鍣
docker ps -a
5.鍒犻櫎(docker rmdocker )
# 鍒犻櫎鍋滄鐨勫鍣
docker rm 瀹瑰櫒id/鍚嶅瓧
# 寮哄埗鍒犻櫎姝ｅ湪杩愯涓殑
docker rm -f mynginx
鈥嬧嬧6.琛ュ厖
# 濡傛灉鎵嶅紑濮嬫病鏈夎缃紑鏈鸿嚜鍚庝箞鍔烇紵鏇存柊涓涓嬭缃」
docker update 瀹瑰櫒id/鍚嶅瓧 --restart=always
3. 淇敼瀹瑰櫒鍐呭锛氫慨鏀归粯璁ょ殑index.html 椤甸潰
鏂规硶1锛氳繘鍏ュ埌瀹瑰櫒閲屽幓淇敼
1.閫氳繃鍏綉IP192.168.2.129锛88绔彛鍘昏闂畁ginx
2. 淇敼榛樿鐨刬ndex.html 椤甸潰
杩涘叆瀹瑰櫒鍐呴儴淇敼
# 杩涘叆瀹瑰櫒鍐呴儴鐨勭郴缁燂紝淇敼瀹瑰櫒鍐呭
docker exec -it 瀹瑰櫒id /bin/bash
# -it琛ㄧず宸蹭氦浜掓ā寮忚繘鍏ュ鍣
# /bin/bash 杩涘叆瀹瑰櫒鐨刡ash鎺у埗鍙帮紙鐩稿綋浜巐inux涓嬬殑鍙︿竴涓皬鍨媗inux鐜锛
cd /usr/share/nginx/html #鐒跺悗ls锛岄噷闈㈡湁涓涓猧ndex.html
echo "<h1>Welcome to China</h1>" > index.html #<h1></h1>琛ㄧず鏍囬
# 鏀瑰ソ椤甸潰浠ュ悗锛宔xit灏卞彲浠ラ鍑猴紒
閫氳繃鍏綉IP192.168.2.129锛88绔彛鍘昏闂畁ginx锛屽氨浼氬彂鐜伴〉闈慨鏀规垚鍔
鏂规硶2锛氬懡浠ゆ寕杞斤細鍦ㄤ富鏈哄闈慨鏀
1.鎶婂鍣ㄩ噷鐨勭洰褰曚笌褰撳墠鐩綍寤虹珛璧烽摼鎺
docker run --name=mynginx -d --restart=always -p 88:80 \
-v /data/html:/usr/share/nginx/html :ro nginx
# -v 鍚庨潰琛ㄧず鎶婁富鏈虹殑鐩綍鎸傝浇鍒板鍣ㄩ噷鐨勭洰褰曪紝鍜岀鍙ｇ殑鏂瑰紡寰堢浉浼硷紱
# /data/html涓绘満鐩綍
# /usr/share/nginx/html瀹瑰櫒鐩綍
# ro 琛ㄧず瀹瑰櫒閲屼笉鑳芥敼锛屽彧鑳藉湪瀹瑰櫒澶栬繘琛屾洿鏀
2.姝ゆ椂cd /data/html椤甸潰锛宭s閲岄潰浠涔堥兘娌℃湁锛涘洜涓轰富鏈烘槸绌虹殑锛屽鍣ㄤ篃鏄┖
3.鐒跺悗杩涜杩藉姞淇敼锛岀敓鎴愪竴涓猧ndex.html椤甸潰
4.姝ゆ椂鍐嶅幓璁块棶锛屼篃鍙互鍋氬埌淇敼
4.鎻愪氦鏀瑰彉锛氬皢鑷繁淇敼濂界殑闀滃儚鎻愪氦
docker commit [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [REPOSITORY[:TAG]]
1. 閫氳繃docker commit --help鏌ョ湅甯姪鏂囨。
2. 鎻愪氦骞惰缃
3. 鐢熸垚涓涓柊鐨勯暅鍍弞lnginx
4.浠ュ悗璁块棶椤甸潰锛岃鎯宠闂師鏉ョ殑椤甸潰锛屽氨鍚姩鍘熸潵鐨勯暅鍍弉ginx锛涜鎯宠闂柊鐨勯〉闈㈠氨鍚姩zlnginx闀滃儚
5. 濡備綍鎶婁慨鏀瑰ソ鐨勯暅鍍(zlnginx)浼犺緭鍒颁竴鍙版柊鐨勬湇鍔″櫒锛
鏂规硶1锛氭墦鎴愬帇缂╁寘
1.鐗╃悊浼犺緭锛氭墦鎴愬帇缂╁寘
docker save -o zlnginx.tar zlnginx:v1
# -o 琛ㄧず鎸囧畾鐨勫帇缂╁寘鍚嶅瓧锛屽悕瀛楁槸浠.tar缁撳熬鐨勫帇缂╁寘鏂囦欢
2.鎶婂帇缂╁寘浼犲埌鏈哄櫒涓婂悗锛岀劧鍚庡姞杞
docker load -i zlnginx.tar
# -i 琛ㄧず鍚庨潰璺熺殑鏄鍔犺浇鐨勯暅鍍忓帇缂╁寘鍚
3.姝ゆ椂鍦╠ocker images灏卞彲浠ョ湅鍒皕lnginx闀滃儚浜!
鏂规硶2锛氭帹閫佸埌杩滅▼浠撳簱(docker hub)锛岄暅鍍忔帹閫
1.闇瑕佸厛娉ㄥ唽鐧诲綍docker hub
2. 鍒涘缓涓涓粨搴(create a Repository)
3.creat鍒涘缓浠ュ悗寰楀埌浠ヤ笅鐣岄潰
4.鏍规嵁鎻愮ず锛屾妸鏂扮殑闀滃儚鎺ㄩ佸埌浠撳簱锛屾敞鎰忚甯︿笂鍚嶅瓧
4.1 鍏堟妸鏃ч暅鍍忕殑鍚嶅瓧锛屾敼鎴愪粨搴撹姹傜殑鏂扮増鏈悕瀛
docker tag local-image:tagname new-repo:tagname
# local-image:tagname锛屾湰鍦扮殑闀滃儚鍜屾爣绛撅紝杩欓噷灏辨槸锛歾lnginx鍜寁1
# new-repo:tagname锛屾柊鐨勫悕瀛楀拰鐗堟湰鍙,渚嬪锛歾znginx.v1
# 鏍规嵁闇瑕佽嚜宸变慨鏀
docker tag zlnginx:v1 1870298479/zznginx:v1.0
杩欐椂docker images灏辫兘鏌ュ埌1870298479/zznginx:v1闀滃儚
4.2 杩涜鎺ㄩ
锛1锛夊湪鎺ㄩ佸墠鍏堣繘琛岀櫥褰曪細
docker login
锛2锛夌劧鍚庝細璁╀綘杈撳叆鐧诲綍鐨勮处鍙峰瘑鐮侊細
锛3锛 鐧讳笂浠ュ悗灏卞彲浠ヨ繘琛屾帹閫
docker push 1870298479/zznginx:v1.0
锛4锛夋帹閫佸畬浠ュ悗杩涜鐧诲嚭
锛5锛夊啀娆″洖鍒癲ocker hub椤甸潰灏卞彲浠ョ湅鍒皏1鐗堟湰浜
锛6锛夌偣鍑诲鍒讹紝鍒殑鏈哄櫒灏卞彲浠ョ洿鎺ヤ笅杞戒娇鐢ㄤ簡
docker pull 1870298479/zznginx:v1
6.琛ュ厖甯哥敤鍛戒护
1.鏌ョ湅瀹瑰櫒鐨勮繍琛屾棩蹇
docker logs 瀹瑰櫒鍚/id
2.杩涘叆鍒版煇涓鍣ㄩ噷
docker exec -it 瀹瑰櫒id /bin/bash
3.docker缁忓父淇敼nginx閰嶇疆鏂囦欢锛屾墍浠ユ妸nginx閰嶇疆鏂囦欢涔熸寕杞藉嚭鏉
docker run -d -p 88:80 \
-v /data/html:/usr/share/nginx/html:ro \ #nginx椤甸潰鎸傝浇鍑烘潵
-v /data/conf/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf \ #nginx閰嶇疆鏂囦欢鎸傝浇鍑烘潵
--name mynginx-02 \
nginx
4.鎶婂鍣ㄦ寚瀹氫綅缃殑涓滆タ澶嶅埗鍑烘潵
docker cp 5eff66eec7e1:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf /data/conf/nginx.conf
5. 鎶婂闈㈢殑鍐呭澶嶅埗鍒板鍣ㄩ噷闈
docker cp /data/conf/nginx.conf 5eff66eec7e1:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf