MySQL数据库介绍-命令优缺点说明
2022/05/30 21:48:45
MySQL鏄竴涓湡姝ｇ殑澶氱敤鎴枫佸绾跨▼SQL鏁版嵁搴撴湇鍔″櫒銆 SQL锛堢粨鏋勫寲鏌ヨ璇█锛夋槸涓栫晫涓婃渶娴佽鐨勫拰鏍囧噯鍖栫殑鏁版嵁搴撹瑷锛屽畠浣垮緱瀛樺偍銆佹洿鏂板拰瀛樺彇淇℃伅鏇村姞瀹规槗銆
MySQL鏄竴涓鎴锋満/鏈嶅姟鍣ㄧ粨鏋勭殑瀹炵幇锛屽畠鐢变竴涓湇鍔″櫒瀹堟姢绋嬪簭mysqld鍜岃澶氫笉鍚岀殑瀹㈡埛绋嬪簭浠ュ強搴撶粍鎴愮殑銆
MySQL鐨勪富瑕佺洰鏍囨槸蹇熴佸仴澹拰鏄撶敤銆傛渶鍒濇槸鍥犱负MySQL鐨勫垱濮嬩汉闇瑕佽繖鏍风殑涓涓猄QL鏈嶅姟鍣紝瀹冭兘澶勭悊涓庝换浣曚笉鏄傝吹纭欢骞冲彴涓婃彁渚涙暟鎹簱鐨勫巶瀹跺湪涓涓暟閲忕骇涓婄殑澶у瀷鏁版嵁搴擄紝浣嗛熷害鏇村揩锛孧ySQL鍥犳灏卞紑鍙戝嚭鏉ヤ簡銆傚畠鎻愪緵C锛孋++锛孞ava(JDBC)锛孭erl锛孭ython锛孭HP and TCL鐨凙PI鎺ュ彛锛涘骞冲彴鏀寔锛屽寘鎷琒olaris锛孲unOS锛孊SDI锛孲GI IRIX锛孉IX锛孌ECUNIX锛孡inux锛孎reeBSD锛孲CO OpenServer锛孨etBSD锛孫penBSD锛孒PUX锛學in9x andNT锛涘鏍风殑鏁版嵁绫诲瀷锛屽寘鎷湁/鏃犵鍙1锛2锛3锛4锛8瀛楄妭integers锛孎LOAT锛孌OUBLE锛孋HAR锛孷ARCHAR锛孴EXT锛孊LOB锛孌ATE锛孌ATETIME锛孻EAR锛孲ET锛孍NUM锛涢潪甯哥伒娲诲拰瀹夊叏鐨勬潈闄愮郴缁燂紝瀵嗙爜鍔犲瘑锛涗负Windows鎻愪緵ODBC鎺ュ彛锛屽彲閫氳繃Access涓庝箣鐩歌仈锛屽彟鏈夌涓夋柟寮鍙戝晢鎻愪緵澶氭牱鐨凮DBC椹卞姩绋嬪簭锛涘湪MySQL 3.23涓娇鐢ㄦ柊MyISAM鏈澶х殑琛ㄥぇ灏忓彲杈8鐧句竾 TB(2^63涓瓧鑺)锛涘绉嶈瑷鏀寔锛屼絾涓嶆敮鎸佷腑鏂囥傜劧鑰岋紝涓轰簡瀹炵幇蹇熴佸仴澹拰鏄撶敤鐨勭洰鐨勶紝MySQL蹇呴』鐗虹壊涓閮ㄥ垎鐏垫椿鑰屽己澶х殑鍔熻兘锛屽瀛愭煡璇佸瓨鍌ㄨ繃绋嬩笌瑙﹀彂鍣ㄣ佸閿佷簨鐗╁鐞嗙瓑銆傚洜鑰岋紝MySQL鍦ㄦ煇浜涘簲鐢ㄤ腑缂轰箯鐏垫椿鎬э紝浣嗚繖涔熶娇瀹冨鏁版嵁鐨勫鐞嗛熷害杈冨叾瀹冩暟鎹簱鏈嶅姟鍣ㄨ嚦灏戝揩2锝3鍊嶃 > MySQL鑷韩涓嶆敮鎸乄indows鐨勫浘褰㈢晫闈紝鍥犳锛屾墍鏈夌殑鏁版嵁搴撴搷浣滃強绠＄悊鍔熻兘閮藉彧鑳藉湪MS-DOS鏂瑰紡涓嬪畬鎴愩傞鍏堬紝蹇呴』鐧婚檰MySQL鏈嶅姟鍣紝鍗冲湪鎻愮ず绗/MySQL/BIN>涓嬭緭鍏YSQL > 鈥揌 host 鈥揢 user 鈥揚password锛屾彁绀虹鏀逛负mysql>鏃惰〃绀虹櫥闄嗘垚鍔熴傜劧鍚庯紝閫夋嫨鎵鎿嶄綔鐨勬暟鎹簱锛屽嵆mysql> USEdatabasename銆傛帴鐫灏卞彲浠ョ敤SQL璇彞杩涜鏌ヨ浜嗐傚鏋滈渶瑕侀鍑烘暟鎹簱鏈嶅姟鍣紝鍙墽琛孮UIT鍛戒护锛岃繖鏍峰氨鎴愬姛閫鍑烘湇鍔″櫒浜嗐傚綋鐒讹紝鐢变簬MySQL鐨勭煡鍚嶅害鏃ョ泭澧炲姞锛岃澶氱涓夋柟杞欢鍏徃鎺ㄥ嚭浜哅ySQL鍦╓indows鐜涓殑鍏锋湁鍥惧舰鐣岄潰鐨勬敮鎸佽蒋浠讹紝濡侲MS鍏徃鐨凟MS MYSQL MANAGER灏辨彁渚涗簡Windows褰㈠紡鐨凪ySQL鏁版嵁搴撴搷浣滃姛鑳姐
MySQL鐨勪紭鐐癸細
1锛 瀹冧娇鐢ㄧ殑鏍稿績绾跨▼鏄畬鍏ㄥ绾跨▼锛屾敮鎸佸澶勭悊鍣ㄣ 2锛庢湁澶氱鍒楃被鍨嬶細1銆2銆3銆4銆佸拰8瀛楄妭闀垮害鑷湁绗﹀彿锛忔棤绗﹀彿鏁存暟銆丗LOAT銆丏OUBLE銆丆HAR銆乂ARCHAR銆乀EXT銆丅LOB銆丏ATE銆乀IME銆丏ATETIME銆 TIMESTAMP銆乊EAR銆佸拰ENUM绫诲瀷銆 3锛 瀹冮氳繃涓涓珮搴︿紭鍖栫殑绫诲簱瀹炵幇SQL鍑芥暟搴撳苟鍍忎粬浠兘杈惧埌鐨勪竴鏍峰揩閫燂紝閫氬父鍦ㄦ煡璇㈠垵濮嬪寲鍚庝笉璇ユ湁浠讳綍鍐呭瓨鍒嗛厤銆傛病鏈夊唴瀛樻紡娲炪 4锛 鍏ㄩ潰鏀寔SQL鐨凣ROUP BY鍜孫RDER BY瀛愬彞锛屾敮鎸佽仛鍚堝嚱鏁(COUNT()銆丆OUNT(DISTINCT)銆丄VG()銆丼TD()銆丼UM()銆丮AX()鍜孧IN())銆備綘鍙互鍦ㄥ悓涓鏌ヨ涓贩鏉ヨ嚜涓嶅悓鏁版嵁搴撶殑琛ㄣ 5锛 鏀寔ANSI SQL鐨凩EFT 0UTER JOIN鍜孫DBC銆 6锛 鎵鏈夊垪閮芥湁缂虹渷鍊笺備綘鍙互鐢↖NSERT鎻掑叆涓涓〃鍒楃殑瀛愰泦锛岄偅浜涙病鐢ㄦ槑纭粰瀹氬肩殑鍒楄缃负浠栦滑鐨勫喅鐪佸笺 7锛 MySQL鍙互宸ヤ綔鍦ㄤ笉鍚岀殑骞冲彴涓娿傛敮鎸丆銆丆锛嬶紜銆丣ava銆丳erl銆丳HP銆丳ython鍜孴CL API銆
MySQL鐨勭己鐐癸細
1銆 MySQL鏈澶х殑缂虹偣鏄叾瀹夊叏绯荤粺锛屼富瑕佹槸澶嶆潅鑰岄潪鏍囧噯锛屽彟澶栧彧鏈夊埌璋冪敤mysqladmin鏉ラ噸璇荤敤鎴锋潈闄愭椂鎵嶅彂鐢熸敼鍙樸 2銆 MySQL鐨勫彟涓涓富瑕佺殑缂洪櫡涔嬩竴鏄己涔忔爣鍑嗙殑RI锛圧eferential Integrity-RI锛夋満鍒讹紱Rl闄愬埗鐨勭己涔(鍦ㄧ粰瀹氬瓧娈靛煙涓婄殑涓绉嶅浐瀹氱殑鑼冨洿闄愬埗)鍙互閫氳繃澶ч噺鐨勬暟鎹被鍨嬫潵琛ュ伩銆 3銆 MySQL娌℃湁涓绉嶅瓨鍌ㄨ繃绋(Stored Procedure)璇█锛岃繖鏄涔犳儻浜庝紒涓氱骇鏁版嵁搴撶殑绋嬪簭鍛樼殑鏈澶ч檺鍒躲 4銆 MySQL涓嶆敮鎸佺儹澶囦唤銆 5銆 MySQL鐨勪环鏍奸殢骞冲彴鍜屽畨瑁呮柟寮忓彉鍖栥侺inux鐨凪ySQL濡傛灉鐢辩敤鎴疯嚜宸辨垨绯荤粺绠＄悊鍛樿屼笉鏄涓夋柟瀹夎鍒欐槸鍏嶈垂鐨勶紝绗笁鏂规鍒欏繀椤讳粯璁稿彲璐广俇nix鎴朙inux鑷瀹夎 鍏嶈垂 銆乁nix鎴朙inux 绗笁鏂瑰畨瑁呴渶瑕佷粯璐广
4.鏁版嵁搴撳姣
甯歌鏁版嵁搴撴湁<鍏崇郴鏁版嵁搴撶郴缁>: ORACLE锛堢敳楠ㄦ枃锛夈丏B2銆丼QL
Server銆丼ybase銆両nformix銆丮ySQL銆乂F銆丄ccess绛夈
(1)銆佹ц兘
SQL Server 鑰佺増鏈鐢ㄦ埛鏃舵ц兘涓嶄匠锛屾柊鐗堟湰鐨勬ц兘鏈変簡鏄庢樉鐨勬敼鍠勶紝鍚勯」澶勭悊鑳藉姏閮芥湁浜嗘槑鏄剧殑鎻愰珮銆備繚鎸佷簡澶氶」TPC-C绾綍銆傚叿浣撳弬瑙乭ttp://www.tpc.org/
Oracle 鎬ц兘鏈楂橈紝淇濇寔Windows NT涓嬬殑TPC-D鍜孴PC-C鐨勪笘鐣岃褰曘
SYBASE 鎬ц兘杈冮珮锛屾敮鎸丼un銆両BM銆丠P銆丆ompaq鍜孷eritas鐨勯泦缇よ澶囩殑鐗规э紝瀹炵幇楂樺彲鐢ㄦс傛ц兘鎺ヨ繎浜嶴QL Server锛屼絾鍦║NIX骞冲彴涓嬬殑骞跺彂鎬ц浼樹笌 SQL Server銆傞傚簲浜庡畨鍏ㄦц姹傛瀬楂樼殑绯荤粺銆
DB2 閫傜敤浜庢暟鎹粨搴撳拰鍦ㄧ嚎浜嬬墿澶勭悊锛屾ц兘杈冮珮銆傚鎴风鏀寔鍙婂簲鐢ㄦā寮忋
INFORMIX 鎬ц兘杈冮珮锛屾敮鎸侀泦缇わ紝瀹炵幇楂樺彲鐢ㄦс傞傚簲浜庡畨鍏ㄦц姹傛瀬楂樼殑绯荤粺锛屽挨鍏舵槸閾惰锛 璇佸埜绯荤粺鐨勫簲鐢ㄣ
(2)銆佸彲浼哥缉鎬,骞惰鎬
SQL Server 浠ュ墠鐗堟湰SQL Server骞惰瀹炴柦鍜屽叡瀛樻ā鍨嬪苟涓嶆垚鐔熴傚緢闅惧鐞嗗ぇ閲忕殑鐢ㄦ埛鏁板拰鏁版嵁鍗枫備几缂╂ф湁闄愩傛柊鐗堟湰鎬ц兘鏈変簡杈冨ぇ鐨勬敼鍠勶紝鍦∕icrosoft Advanced Servers涓婃湁绐佸嚭鐨勮〃鐜帮紝瓒呰繃浜嗕粬鐨勪富瑕佺珵浜夊鎵嬨
Oracle 骞惰鏈嶅姟鍣ㄩ氳繃浣夸竴缁勭粨鐐瑰叡浜悓涓绨囦腑鐨勫伐浣滄潵鎵╁睍Window NT鐨勮兘鍔,鎻愪緵楂樺彲鐢ㄦу拰楂樹几缂╂х殑绨囩殑瑙ｅ喅鏂规銆傚鏋淲indows NT涓嶈兘婊¤冻闇瑕, 鐢ㄦ埛鍙互鎶婃暟鎹簱绉诲埌UNIX涓紝鍏锋湁寰堝ソ鐨勪几缂╂с侽racle鐨勫苟琛屾湇鍔″櫒瀵瑰悇绉峌NIX骞冲彴鐨勯泦缇ゆ満鍒堕兘鏈夌潃鐩稿綋楂樼殑闆嗘垚搴︺
SYBASE 鏂扮増鏈叿鏈夎緝濂界殑骞惰鎬э紝閫熷害蹇紝瀵瑰法閲忔暟鎹棤鏄庢樉褰卞搷锛屼絾鏄妧鏈疄鐜板鏉傦紝闇瑕佺▼搴忔敮鎸侊紝浼哥缉鎬ф湁闄愩傝櫧鐒舵湁DB SWITCH鏉ユ敮鎸佸叾骞惰鏈嶅姟鍣紝浣咲B SWITCH鍦ㄦ妧鏈眰闈㈣繕鏈垚鐔燂紝涓斿彧鏀寔鐗堟湰12.5浠ヤ笂鐨凙SE SERVER銆侱B SWITCH鎶鏈渶瑕佷竴鍙版湇鍔″櫒鍏呭綋SWITCH锛屼粠鑰屽湪纭欢涓婂甫鏉ヤ竴浜涢夯鐑︺
DB2 DB2鍏锋湁寰堝ソ鐨勫苟琛屾с侱B2鎶婃暟鎹簱绠＄悊鎵╁厖鍒颁簡骞惰鐨勩佸鑺傜偣鐨勭幆澧冦傛暟鎹簱鍒嗗尯鏄暟鎹簱鐨勪竴閮ㄥ垎锛屽寘鍚嚜宸辩殑鏁版嵁銆佺储寮曘侀厤缃枃浠躲佸拰浜嬪姟鏃ュ織銆傛暟鎹簱鍒嗗尯鏈夋椂琚О涓鸿妭鐐规垨鏁版嵁搴撹妭鐐癸紝浼哥缉鎬ф湁闄愩
INFORMIX 閲囩敤鍗曡繘绋嬪绾跨▼鐨勬妧鏈紝鍏锋湁杈冨ソ鐨勫苟琛屾с備絾鏄粎杩愯浜嶶NIX骞冲彴锛屼几缂╂ф湁闄愩
(3)銆佸畨鍏ㄦ
SQL server Microsoft Advanced Server 鑾峰緱鏈楂樺畨鍏ㄨ璇侊紝鏈嶅姟鍣ㄥ钩鍙扮殑绋冲畾鎬ф槸鏁版嵁搴撶殑绋冲畾鎬х殑鍩虹锛屾柊鐗堟湰鐨凷QL鐨勫畨鍏ㄦф湁浜嗘瀬澶х殑鎻愰珮銆
Oracle Server 鑾峰緱鏈楂樿璇佺骇鍒殑ISO鏍囧噯璁よ瘉銆
SYBASE 閫氳繃Sun鍏徃J2EE璁よ瘉娴嬭瘯锛岃幏寰楁渶楂樿璇佺骇鍒殑ISO鏍囧噯璁よ瘉銆
DB2 鑾峰緱鏈楂樿璇佺骇鍒殑ISO鏍囧噯璁よ瘉銆
INFORMIX 鑾峰緱鏈楂樿璇佺骇鍒殑ISO鏍囧噯璁よ瘉銆
(4)銆佹搷浣
SQL Server 鎿嶄綔绠鍗,閲囩敤鍥惧舰鐣岄潰銆傜鐞嗕篃寰堟柟渚匡紝鑰屼笖缂栫▼鎺ュ彛鐗瑰埆鍙嬪ソ(瀹冪殑SQL-DMO璁╃紪绋嬪彉寰楅潪甯告柟渚!) 锛屼粠鏄撶淮鎶ゆу拰浠锋牸涓奡QL Server鏄庢樉鍗犳湁浼樺娍銆
Oracle 杈冨鏉, 鍚屾椂鎻愪緵GUI鍜屽懡浠よ锛屽湪Windows NT鍜孶nix锛 Linux 涓嬫搷浣滅浉鍚屻傚鏁版嵁搴撶鐞嗕汉鍛樿姹傝緝楂樸
SYBASE 澶嶆潅锛屼娇鐢ㄥ懡浠よ鎿嶄綔锛屽鏁版嵁搴撶鐞嗕汉鍛樿姹傝緝楂樸傚悓鏃舵彁渚汫UI鍜屽懡浠よ銆備絾GUI杈冨樊锛屽父甯告棤娉曞強鏃剁姸鎬侊紝寤鸿浣跨敤鍛戒护琛屻
DB2 鎿嶄綔绠鍗,鍚屾椂鎻愪緵GUI鍜屽懡浠よ锛屽湪Windows NT鍜孶nix涓嬫搷浣滅浉鍚屻
INFORMIX 浣跨敤鍜岀鐞嗗鏉傦紝鍛戒护琛屾搷浣溿傚鏁版嵁搴撶鐞嗕汉鍛樿姹傝緝楂樸
(5)銆佷娇鐢ㄩ闄
SQL Server 瀹屽叏閲嶅啓鐨勪唬鐮侊紝鎬ц兘鍜屽吋瀹规ф湁浜嗚緝澶х殑鎻愰珮锛屼笌Oracle锛孌B2鐨勬ц兘宸窛鏄庢樉鍑忓皬銆傝浜у搧鐨勫嚭鍙扮粡鍘嗕簡闀挎湡鐨勬祴璇曪紝涓轰骇鍝佺殑瀹夊叏鍜岀ǔ瀹氳繘琛屼簡鍏ㄩ潰鐨勬娴嬶紝瀹夊叏绋冲畾鎬ф湁浜嗘槑鏄剧殑鎻愰珮銆傜粡鍘嗕簡闀挎湡鐨勬祴璇曪紝涓嶆柇寤惰繜锛岃澶氬姛鑳介渶瑕佹椂闂存潵璇佹槑锛屽苟涓嶅崄鍒嗗吋瀹广
Oracle 闀挎椂闂寸殑寮鍙戠粡楠岋紝瀹屽叏鍚戜笅鍏煎锛屽緱鍒板箍娉涚殑搴旂敤锛屽畬鍏ㄦ病鏈夐闄┿傚彲浠ュ畨鍏ㄧ殑杩涜鏁版嵁搴撶殑鍗囩骇锛屽湪浼佷笟銆佹斂搴滀腑寰楀埌骞挎硾鐨勫簲鐢ㄣ傚苟涓斿鏋滃湪WINNT涓婃棤娉曟弧瓒虫暟鎹殑瑕佹眰锛屽彲浠ュ畨鍏ㄧ殑鎶婃暟鎹浆绉诲埌UNIX涓婃潵銆
SYBASE 鍚戜笅鍏煎, 浣嗘槸ct-library 绋嬪簭涓嶇泭绉绘銆傚紑鍙戞椂闂磋緝闀匡紝鍗囩骇杈冨鏉傦紝绋冲畾鎬ц緝濂斤紝鏁版嵁瀹夊叏鏈変繚闅溿傞闄╁皬銆傚湪瀹夊叏瑕佹眰鏋侀珮鐨勯摱琛岋紝 璇佸埜琛屼笟涓緱鍒颁簡骞挎硾鐨勫簲鐢ㄣ
DB2 鍦ㄥ法鍨嬩紒涓氬緱鍒板箍娉涚殑搴旂敤锛屽悜涓嬪吋瀹规уソ銆傞闄╁皬銆
INFORMIX 寮鍙戞椂闂磋緝闀匡紝鍗囩骇杈冨鏉傦紝绋冲畾鎬ц緝濂斤紝鏁版嵁瀹夊叏鏈変繚闅溿傞闄╁皬銆傚湪瀹夊叏瑕佹眰鏋侀珮鐨勯摱琛岋紝璇佸埜琛屼笟涓緱鍒颁簡骞挎硾鐨勫簲鐢ㄣ
(6)銆佸紑鏀炬
SQL Server 鍙兘鍦╓indows 涓婅繍琛岋紝C/S缁撴瀯锛屾病鏈変笣姣殑寮鏀炬э紝鎿嶄綔绯荤粺鐨勭郴缁熺殑绋冲畾瀵规暟鎹簱鏄崄鍒嗛噸瑕佺殑銆傚彧鏀寔Windows瀹㈡埛锛屽彲浠ョ敤ADO,DAO,OLEDB,ODBC杩炴帴銆俉indows9X绯诲垪浜у搧鏄亸閲嶄簬妗岄潰搴旂敤锛孨T server閫傚悎鍚勭澶т腑灏忓瀷鍨嬩紒涓氥傛搷浣滅郴缁熺殑绯荤粺鐨勭ǔ瀹氬鏁版嵁搴撴槸鍗佸垎閲嶈鐨勩俉indows骞冲彴鐨勫彲闈犳э紝瀹夊叏鎬х粡杩囦簡鏈楂樼骇鍒殑C2璁よ瘉鐨勩傚湪澶勭悊澶ф暟鎹噺鐨勫叧閿笟鍔℃椂鎻愪緵浜嗚緝濂界殑鎬ц兘銆傝屼笖windows骞冲彴鐨勫彲闈犳э紝瀹夊叏鎬у拰浼哥缉鎬ф槸闈炲父鏈夐檺鐨勩傚畠涓嶈薄unix閭ｆ牱涔呯粡鑰冮獙锛屽挨鍏舵槸鍦ㄥ鐞嗗ぇ鏁版嵁搴撱
Oracle 鑳藉湪鎵鏈変富娴佸钩鍙颁笂杩愯(鍖呮嫭 Windows)銆傚畬鍏ㄦ敮鎸佹墍鏈夌殑宸ヤ笟鏍囧噯銆傞噰鐢ㄥ畬鍏ㄥ紑鏀剧瓥鐣ャ傚灞傛缃戠粶璁＄畻锛屾敮鎸佸绉嶅伐涓氭爣鍑嗭紝鍙互鐢∣DBC,JDBC,OCI绛夌綉缁滃鎴疯繛鎺ャ傚彲浠ヤ娇瀹㈡埛閫夋嫨鏈閫傚悎鐨勮В鍐虫柟妗堛傚寮鍙戝晢鍏ㄥ姏鏀寔銆
SYBASE 鑳藉湪鎵鏈変富娴佸钩鍙颁笂杩愯锛孋/S缁撴瀯锛屽彲浠ョ敤ODBC銆丣connect銆丆t-library绛夌綉缁滃鎴疯繛鎺ャ傚湪閾惰涓氫腑寰楀埌浜嗗箍娉涚殑搴旂敤銆備絾鐢变簬鏃╂湡Sybase涓嶰S闆嗘垚搴︿笉楂橈紝鍥犳VERSION11.9.2浠ヤ笅鐗堟湰闇瑕佽緝澶歄S鍜孌B绾цˉ涓併傚湪澶氬钩鍙扮殑娣峰悎鐜涓紝浼氭湁涓瀹氶棶棰樸
DB2 鑳藉湪鎵鏈変富娴佸钩鍙颁笂杩愯(鍖呮嫭windows)銆傛湁杈冨ソ鐨勫紑鏀炬э紝鏈閫備簬娴烽噺鏁版嵁銆傝法骞冲彴锛屽灞傜粨鏋勶紝鏀寔ODBC,JDBC绛夊鎴枫傚湪澶у瀷鐨勫浗闄呬紒涓氫腑寰楀埌鏈涓哄箍娉涚殑搴旂敤,鍦ㄥ叏鐞冪殑500瀹舵渶澶х殑浼佷笟涓,鍑犱箮85%浠ヤ笂閲囩敤DB2鏁版嵁搴撴湇鍔″櫒锛岃屽浗鍐呭埌97骞寸害鍗5%銆
IINFORMIX 浠呰繍琛屽湪UNIX骞冲彴锛屽寘鎷琒UNOS銆丠PUX銆 ALFAOSF/1銆傚湪閾惰涓緱鍒板箍娉涚殑搴旂敤銆
(7)銆佹槗缁存姢鎬у拰浠锋牸
SQL Server 浠庢槗缁存姢鎬у拰浠锋牸涓奡QL Server鏄庢樉鍗犳湁浼樺娍銆傚熀浜嶮icrosoft鐨勪竴璐鏍硷紝SQL Server鐨勫浘褰㈢鐞嗙晫闈㈠甫鏉ヤ簡鏄庢樉鐨勬槗鐢ㄦэ紝寰蒋鐨勬暟鎹簱绠＄悊鍛樺煿璁繘琛岀殑姣旇緝鍏呭垎锛屽彲浠ヨ交鏉剧殑鎵惧埌寰堝ソ鐨勬暟鎹簱绠＄悊鍛橈紝鏁版嵁搴撶鐞嗚垂鐢ㄦ瘮杈冧綆锛孲QL Server鐨勪环鏍间篃鏄緢浣庣殑锛屼絾鏄湪License鐨勮喘涔颁笂浼氭姮楂樹环鏍笺傛讳綋鏉ヨSQL Server鐨勪环鏍煎湪鍟嗙敤鏁版嵁搴撲腑鏄渶浣庣殑銆
Oracle 浠庢槗缁存姢鎬у拰浠锋牸浣撴潵璇碠racle鐨勪环鏍兼槸姣旇緝楂樼殑锛岀鐞嗘瘮杈冨鏉傦紝鐢变簬Oracle鐨勫簲鐢ㄥ緢骞挎硾锛岀粡楠屼赴瀵岀殑Oracle鏁版嵁搴撶鐞嗗憳鍙互姣旇緝瀹规槗鐨勬壘鍒帮紝浠庤屽疄鐜癘racle鐨勮壇濂界鐞嗐傚洜姝racle鐨勬ц兘浠锋牸姣斿湪鍟嗙敤鏁版嵁搴撲腑鏄渶濂界殑銆
SYBASE SYBASE鐨勪环鏍兼槸姣旇緝浣庣殑锛屼絾鏄疭YBASE鐨勫湪浼佷笟鍜屾斂搴滀腑鐨勫簲鐢ㄨ緝灏戯紝寰堥毦鎵惧埌缁忛獙涓板瘜鐨勭鐞嗗憳锛岃繍琛岀鐞嗚垂鐢ㄨ緝楂樸
DB2 浠锋牸楂橈紝 绠＄悊鍛樺皯锛屽湪涓浗鐨勫簲鐢ㄨ緝灏戯紝杩愯绠＄悊璐圭敤閮藉緢楂橈紝閫傜敤浜庡ぇ鍨嬩紒涓氱殑鏁版嵁浠撳簱搴旂敤銆
INFORMIX 浠锋牸鍦ㄨ繖浜涚郴缁熶腑灞呬簬涓棿锛屼笌SYBASE涓鏍凤紝鍦ㄤ紒涓氬拰鏀垮簻涓簲鐢ㄨ緝灏戯紝浠呭湪閾惰涓緱鍒颁簡骞挎硾鐨勫簲鐢ㄣ傜粡楠屼赴瀵岀殑绠＄悊浜哄憳杈冨皯锛岃繍琛岀鐞嗚垂鐢ㄩ珮銆
浜屻佸懡浠
1.鍛戒护澶у叏
锛1锛.甯哥敤鎿嶄綔鏁版嵁搴撳懡浠
锛2锛.淇敼琛ㄧ殑鍛戒护
锛3锛.瀵规暟鎹殑鎿嶄綔
<1>澧炲姞鏁版嵁
<2>鍒犻櫎鏁版嵁
<3>鏇存柊鏁版嵁
<4>鏌ヨ鏁版嵁
<5>瀵规暟鎹繘琛屾帓搴
<6>鏁版嵁杩涜鍒嗙粍
锛4锛.澶氳〃鑱斿悎鏌ヨ
鑱斿悎杩欓噷灏遍渶瑕佽鍒 and or 鐨勭敤娉曪紝瀛楅潰鎰忔 and灏辨槸鍜 or灏辨槸鎴
锛5锛.鏉冮檺璇彞
2.甯哥敤鐨勫嚱鏁
涓夈佹紨绀
1.鍩虹
杩欓噷鎴戜娇鐢ㄧ殑鏄痭ivacat宸ュ叿鐢ㄧ殑鏄痬ysql鏁版嵁搴擄紝涓嬮潰鐨勬紨绀洪兘鍦ㄨ繖涓幆澧冧腑杩涜婕旂ず
锛1锛夊缓绔嬫暟鎹簱
<1>鎵撳紑nivacat
<2>杩炴帴鏁版嵁搴
娉ㄦ剰涓鐐癸紝浣跨敤杩欎釜杞欢涔嬪墠闇瑕侀厤缃甅ysql鏁版嵁搴撳拰浠绘剰涓棿浠讹紝鎴戣繖鐢ㄧ殑鏄皬鐨潰鏉挎惌寤虹殑鐜
<3>寤哄簱
寤虹珛涓涓狹ySQL鏁版嵁搴
閰嶇疆闇瑕佺殑涓滆タ锛岃繖閲屽瘑鐮佷竴鑸兘鏄痳oot鎴栬123456锛屼笉鐭ラ亾鐨勫彲浠ユ煡鐪嬮厤缃枃浠
寤虹珛濂戒箣鍚庯紝鐐瑰嚮杩欏嚑鍙樻垚缁胯壊璇存槑灏辨垚鍔熸惌寤哄ソ鏁版嵁搴撱
锛2锛夋煡璇俊鎭
<1>鏌ヨ鎵鏈夊簱鍚
<2>鏌ヨ琛
<3>鏌ヨ瀛楁
锛3锛夊鍔犳暟鎹
<1>娣诲姞琛
<2>娣诲姞琛
锛4锛夊垹闄ゆ暟鎹
<1>鍒犻櫎搴
鍏堢湅涓嬪師鏉ョ殑琛ㄩ噷闈㈡槸瀛樺湪涓涓猼est鏁版嵁搴撶殑
鎵ц鍒犻櫎鍛戒护
鎴戜滑鍙互鐪嬪埌test琚垹鎺変簡
<2>鍒犻櫎琛
<3>鍒犻櫎瀛楁
<3>鍒犻櫎瀛楁
5锛夋洿鏀规暟鎹
<1>鏇存敼琛
鍘熷厛琛ㄤ负 massage
杈撳叆alter table message rename mg; //淇敼琛ㄥ悕
<2>鏇存敼瀛楁
鍘熸湰name=鈥欏彯褰撯 淇敼鍚巒ame=鈥樺紶涓夆
MySQL鏄竴涓鎴锋満/鏈嶅姟鍣ㄧ粨鏋勭殑瀹炵幇锛屽畠鐢变竴涓湇鍔″櫒瀹堟姢绋嬪簭mysqld鍜岃澶氫笉鍚岀殑瀹㈡埛绋嬪簭浠ュ強搴撶粍鎴愮殑銆
MySQL鐨勪富瑕佺洰鏍囨槸蹇熴佸仴澹拰鏄撶敤銆傛渶鍒濇槸鍥犱负MySQL鐨勫垱濮嬩汉闇瑕佽繖鏍风殑涓涓猄QL鏈嶅姟鍣紝瀹冭兘澶勭悊涓庝换浣曚笉鏄傝吹纭欢骞冲彴涓婃彁渚涙暟鎹簱鐨勫巶瀹跺湪涓涓暟閲忕骇涓婄殑澶у瀷鏁版嵁搴擄紝浣嗛熷害鏇村揩锛孧ySQL鍥犳灏卞紑鍙戝嚭鏉ヤ簡銆傚畠鎻愪緵C锛孋++锛孞ava(JDBC)锛孭erl锛孭ython锛孭HP and TCL鐨凙PI鎺ュ彛锛涘骞冲彴鏀寔锛屽寘鎷琒olaris锛孲unOS锛孊SDI锛孲GI IRIX锛孉IX锛孌ECUNIX锛孡inux锛孎reeBSD锛孲CO OpenServer锛孨etBSD锛孫penBSD锛孒PUX锛學in9x andNT锛涘鏍风殑鏁版嵁绫诲瀷锛屽寘鎷湁/鏃犵鍙1锛2锛3锛4锛8瀛楄妭integers锛孎LOAT锛孌OUBLE锛孋HAR锛孷ARCHAR锛孴EXT锛孊LOB锛孌ATE锛孌ATETIME锛孻EAR锛孲ET锛孍NUM锛涢潪甯哥伒娲诲拰瀹夊叏鐨勬潈闄愮郴缁燂紝瀵嗙爜鍔犲瘑锛涗负Windows鎻愪緵ODBC鎺ュ彛锛屽彲閫氳繃Access涓庝箣鐩歌仈锛屽彟鏈夌涓夋柟寮鍙戝晢鎻愪緵澶氭牱鐨凮DBC椹卞姩绋嬪簭锛涘湪MySQL 3.23涓娇鐢ㄦ柊MyISAM鏈澶х殑琛ㄥぇ灏忓彲杈8鐧句竾 TB(2^63涓瓧鑺)锛涘绉嶈瑷鏀寔锛屼絾涓嶆敮鎸佷腑鏂囥傜劧鑰岋紝涓轰簡瀹炵幇蹇熴佸仴澹拰鏄撶敤鐨勭洰鐨勶紝MySQL蹇呴』鐗虹壊涓閮ㄥ垎鐏垫椿鑰屽己澶х殑鍔熻兘锛屽瀛愭煡璇佸瓨鍌ㄨ繃绋嬩笌瑙﹀彂鍣ㄣ佸閿佷簨鐗╁鐞嗙瓑銆傚洜鑰岋紝MySQL鍦ㄦ煇浜涘簲鐢ㄤ腑缂轰箯鐏垫椿鎬э紝浣嗚繖涔熶娇瀹冨鏁版嵁鐨勫鐞嗛熷害杈冨叾瀹冩暟鎹簱鏈嶅姟鍣ㄨ嚦灏戝揩2锝3鍊嶃 > MySQL鑷韩涓嶆敮鎸乄indows鐨勫浘褰㈢晫闈紝鍥犳锛屾墍鏈夌殑鏁版嵁搴撴搷浣滃強绠＄悊鍔熻兘閮藉彧鑳藉湪MS-DOS鏂瑰紡涓嬪畬鎴愩傞鍏堬紝蹇呴』鐧婚檰MySQL鏈嶅姟鍣紝鍗冲湪鎻愮ず绗/MySQL/BIN>涓嬭緭鍏YSQL > 鈥揌 host 鈥揢 user 鈥揚password锛屾彁绀虹鏀逛负mysql>鏃惰〃绀虹櫥闄嗘垚鍔熴傜劧鍚庯紝閫夋嫨鎵鎿嶄綔鐨勬暟鎹簱锛屽嵆mysql> USEdatabasename銆傛帴鐫灏卞彲浠ョ敤SQL璇彞杩涜鏌ヨ浜嗐傚鏋滈渶瑕侀鍑烘暟鎹簱鏈嶅姟鍣紝鍙墽琛孮UIT鍛戒护锛岃繖鏍峰氨鎴愬姛閫鍑烘湇鍔″櫒浜嗐傚綋鐒讹紝鐢变簬MySQL鐨勭煡鍚嶅害鏃ョ泭澧炲姞锛岃澶氱涓夋柟杞欢鍏徃鎺ㄥ嚭浜哅ySQL鍦╓indows鐜涓殑鍏锋湁鍥惧舰鐣岄潰鐨勬敮鎸佽蒋浠讹紝濡侲MS鍏徃鐨凟MS MYSQL MANAGER灏辨彁渚涗簡Windows褰㈠紡鐨凪ySQL鏁版嵁搴撴搷浣滃姛鑳姐
MySQL鐨勪紭鐐癸細
1锛 瀹冧娇鐢ㄧ殑鏍稿績绾跨▼鏄畬鍏ㄥ绾跨▼锛屾敮鎸佸澶勭悊鍣ㄣ 2锛庢湁澶氱鍒楃被鍨嬶細1銆2銆3銆4銆佸拰8瀛楄妭闀垮害鑷湁绗﹀彿锛忔棤绗﹀彿鏁存暟銆丗LOAT銆丏OUBLE銆丆HAR銆乂ARCHAR銆乀EXT銆丅LOB銆丏ATE銆乀IME銆丏ATETIME銆 TIMESTAMP銆乊EAR銆佸拰ENUM绫诲瀷銆 3锛 瀹冮氳繃涓涓珮搴︿紭鍖栫殑绫诲簱瀹炵幇SQL鍑芥暟搴撳苟鍍忎粬浠兘杈惧埌鐨勪竴鏍峰揩閫燂紝閫氬父鍦ㄦ煡璇㈠垵濮嬪寲鍚庝笉璇ユ湁浠讳綍鍐呭瓨鍒嗛厤銆傛病鏈夊唴瀛樻紡娲炪 4锛 鍏ㄩ潰鏀寔SQL鐨凣ROUP BY鍜孫RDER BY瀛愬彞锛屾敮鎸佽仛鍚堝嚱鏁(COUNT()銆丆OUNT(DISTINCT)銆丄VG()銆丼TD()銆丼UM()銆丮AX()鍜孧IN())銆備綘鍙互鍦ㄥ悓涓鏌ヨ涓贩鏉ヨ嚜涓嶅悓鏁版嵁搴撶殑琛ㄣ 5锛 鏀寔ANSI SQL鐨凩EFT 0UTER JOIN鍜孫DBC銆 6锛 鎵鏈夊垪閮芥湁缂虹渷鍊笺備綘鍙互鐢↖NSERT鎻掑叆涓涓〃鍒楃殑瀛愰泦锛岄偅浜涙病鐢ㄦ槑纭粰瀹氬肩殑鍒楄缃负浠栦滑鐨勫喅鐪佸笺 7锛 MySQL鍙互宸ヤ綔鍦ㄤ笉鍚岀殑骞冲彴涓娿傛敮鎸丆銆丆锛嬶紜銆丣ava銆丳erl銆丳HP銆丳ython鍜孴CL API銆
MySQL鐨勭己鐐癸細
1銆 MySQL鏈澶х殑缂虹偣鏄叾瀹夊叏绯荤粺锛屼富瑕佹槸澶嶆潅鑰岄潪鏍囧噯锛屽彟澶栧彧鏈夊埌璋冪敤mysqladmin鏉ラ噸璇荤敤鎴锋潈闄愭椂鎵嶅彂鐢熸敼鍙樸 2銆 MySQL鐨勫彟涓涓富瑕佺殑缂洪櫡涔嬩竴鏄己涔忔爣鍑嗙殑RI锛圧eferential Integrity-RI锛夋満鍒讹紱Rl闄愬埗鐨勭己涔(鍦ㄧ粰瀹氬瓧娈靛煙涓婄殑涓绉嶅浐瀹氱殑鑼冨洿闄愬埗)鍙互閫氳繃澶ч噺鐨勬暟鎹被鍨嬫潵琛ュ伩銆 3銆 MySQL娌℃湁涓绉嶅瓨鍌ㄨ繃绋(Stored Procedure)璇█锛岃繖鏄涔犳儻浜庝紒涓氱骇鏁版嵁搴撶殑绋嬪簭鍛樼殑鏈澶ч檺鍒躲 4銆 MySQL涓嶆敮鎸佺儹澶囦唤銆 5銆 MySQL鐨勪环鏍奸殢骞冲彴鍜屽畨瑁呮柟寮忓彉鍖栥侺inux鐨凪ySQL濡傛灉鐢辩敤鎴疯嚜宸辨垨绯荤粺绠＄悊鍛樿屼笉鏄涓夋柟瀹夎鍒欐槸鍏嶈垂鐨勶紝绗笁鏂规鍒欏繀椤讳粯璁稿彲璐广俇nix鎴朙inux鑷瀹夎 鍏嶈垂 銆乁nix鎴朙inux 绗笁鏂瑰畨瑁呴渶瑕佷粯璐广
4.鏁版嵁搴撳姣
甯歌鏁版嵁搴撴湁<鍏崇郴鏁版嵁搴撶郴缁>: ORACLE锛堢敳楠ㄦ枃锛夈丏B2銆丼QL
Server銆丼ybase銆両nformix銆丮ySQL銆乂F銆丄ccess绛夈
(1)銆佹ц兘
SQL Server 鑰佺増鏈鐢ㄦ埛鏃舵ц兘涓嶄匠锛屾柊鐗堟湰鐨勬ц兘鏈変簡鏄庢樉鐨勬敼鍠勶紝鍚勯」澶勭悊鑳藉姏閮芥湁浜嗘槑鏄剧殑鎻愰珮銆備繚鎸佷簡澶氶」TPC-C绾綍銆傚叿浣撳弬瑙乭ttp://www.tpc.org/
Oracle 鎬ц兘鏈楂橈紝淇濇寔Windows NT涓嬬殑TPC-D鍜孴PC-C鐨勪笘鐣岃褰曘
SYBASE 鎬ц兘杈冮珮锛屾敮鎸丼un銆両BM銆丠P銆丆ompaq鍜孷eritas鐨勯泦缇よ澶囩殑鐗规э紝瀹炵幇楂樺彲鐢ㄦс傛ц兘鎺ヨ繎浜嶴QL Server锛屼絾鍦║NIX骞冲彴涓嬬殑骞跺彂鎬ц浼樹笌 SQL Server銆傞傚簲浜庡畨鍏ㄦц姹傛瀬楂樼殑绯荤粺銆
DB2 閫傜敤浜庢暟鎹粨搴撳拰鍦ㄧ嚎浜嬬墿澶勭悊锛屾ц兘杈冮珮銆傚鎴风鏀寔鍙婂簲鐢ㄦā寮忋
INFORMIX 鎬ц兘杈冮珮锛屾敮鎸侀泦缇わ紝瀹炵幇楂樺彲鐢ㄦс傞傚簲浜庡畨鍏ㄦц姹傛瀬楂樼殑绯荤粺锛屽挨鍏舵槸閾惰锛 璇佸埜绯荤粺鐨勫簲鐢ㄣ
(2)銆佸彲浼哥缉鎬,骞惰鎬
SQL Server 浠ュ墠鐗堟湰SQL Server骞惰瀹炴柦鍜屽叡瀛樻ā鍨嬪苟涓嶆垚鐔熴傚緢闅惧鐞嗗ぇ閲忕殑鐢ㄦ埛鏁板拰鏁版嵁鍗枫備几缂╂ф湁闄愩傛柊鐗堟湰鎬ц兘鏈変簡杈冨ぇ鐨勬敼鍠勶紝鍦∕icrosoft Advanced Servers涓婃湁绐佸嚭鐨勮〃鐜帮紝瓒呰繃浜嗕粬鐨勪富瑕佺珵浜夊鎵嬨
Oracle 骞惰鏈嶅姟鍣ㄩ氳繃浣夸竴缁勭粨鐐瑰叡浜悓涓绨囦腑鐨勫伐浣滄潵鎵╁睍Window NT鐨勮兘鍔,鎻愪緵楂樺彲鐢ㄦу拰楂樹几缂╂х殑绨囩殑瑙ｅ喅鏂规銆傚鏋淲indows NT涓嶈兘婊¤冻闇瑕, 鐢ㄦ埛鍙互鎶婃暟鎹簱绉诲埌UNIX涓紝鍏锋湁寰堝ソ鐨勪几缂╂с侽racle鐨勫苟琛屾湇鍔″櫒瀵瑰悇绉峌NIX骞冲彴鐨勯泦缇ゆ満鍒堕兘鏈夌潃鐩稿綋楂樼殑闆嗘垚搴︺
SYBASE 鏂扮増鏈叿鏈夎緝濂界殑骞惰鎬э紝閫熷害蹇紝瀵瑰法閲忔暟鎹棤鏄庢樉褰卞搷锛屼絾鏄妧鏈疄鐜板鏉傦紝闇瑕佺▼搴忔敮鎸侊紝浼哥缉鎬ф湁闄愩傝櫧鐒舵湁DB SWITCH鏉ユ敮鎸佸叾骞惰鏈嶅姟鍣紝浣咲B SWITCH鍦ㄦ妧鏈眰闈㈣繕鏈垚鐔燂紝涓斿彧鏀寔鐗堟湰12.5浠ヤ笂鐨凙SE SERVER銆侱B SWITCH鎶鏈渶瑕佷竴鍙版湇鍔″櫒鍏呭綋SWITCH锛屼粠鑰屽湪纭欢涓婂甫鏉ヤ竴浜涢夯鐑︺
DB2 DB2鍏锋湁寰堝ソ鐨勫苟琛屾с侱B2鎶婃暟鎹簱绠＄悊鎵╁厖鍒颁簡骞惰鐨勩佸鑺傜偣鐨勭幆澧冦傛暟鎹簱鍒嗗尯鏄暟鎹簱鐨勪竴閮ㄥ垎锛屽寘鍚嚜宸辩殑鏁版嵁銆佺储寮曘侀厤缃枃浠躲佸拰浜嬪姟鏃ュ織銆傛暟鎹簱鍒嗗尯鏈夋椂琚О涓鸿妭鐐规垨鏁版嵁搴撹妭鐐癸紝浼哥缉鎬ф湁闄愩
INFORMIX 閲囩敤鍗曡繘绋嬪绾跨▼鐨勬妧鏈紝鍏锋湁杈冨ソ鐨勫苟琛屾с備絾鏄粎杩愯浜嶶NIX骞冲彴锛屼几缂╂ф湁闄愩
(3)銆佸畨鍏ㄦ
SQL server Microsoft Advanced Server 鑾峰緱鏈楂樺畨鍏ㄨ璇侊紝鏈嶅姟鍣ㄥ钩鍙扮殑绋冲畾鎬ф槸鏁版嵁搴撶殑绋冲畾鎬х殑鍩虹锛屾柊鐗堟湰鐨凷QL鐨勫畨鍏ㄦф湁浜嗘瀬澶х殑鎻愰珮銆
Oracle Server 鑾峰緱鏈楂樿璇佺骇鍒殑ISO鏍囧噯璁よ瘉銆
SYBASE 閫氳繃Sun鍏徃J2EE璁よ瘉娴嬭瘯锛岃幏寰楁渶楂樿璇佺骇鍒殑ISO鏍囧噯璁よ瘉銆
DB2 鑾峰緱鏈楂樿璇佺骇鍒殑ISO鏍囧噯璁よ瘉銆
INFORMIX 鑾峰緱鏈楂樿璇佺骇鍒殑ISO鏍囧噯璁よ瘉銆
(4)銆佹搷浣
SQL Server 鎿嶄綔绠鍗,閲囩敤鍥惧舰鐣岄潰銆傜鐞嗕篃寰堟柟渚匡紝鑰屼笖缂栫▼鎺ュ彛鐗瑰埆鍙嬪ソ(瀹冪殑SQL-DMO璁╃紪绋嬪彉寰楅潪甯告柟渚!) 锛屼粠鏄撶淮鎶ゆу拰浠锋牸涓奡QL Server鏄庢樉鍗犳湁浼樺娍銆
Oracle 杈冨鏉, 鍚屾椂鎻愪緵GUI鍜屽懡浠よ锛屽湪Windows NT鍜孶nix锛 Linux 涓嬫搷浣滅浉鍚屻傚鏁版嵁搴撶鐞嗕汉鍛樿姹傝緝楂樸
SYBASE 澶嶆潅锛屼娇鐢ㄥ懡浠よ鎿嶄綔锛屽鏁版嵁搴撶鐞嗕汉鍛樿姹傝緝楂樸傚悓鏃舵彁渚汫UI鍜屽懡浠よ銆備絾GUI杈冨樊锛屽父甯告棤娉曞強鏃剁姸鎬侊紝寤鸿浣跨敤鍛戒护琛屻
DB2 鎿嶄綔绠鍗,鍚屾椂鎻愪緵GUI鍜屽懡浠よ锛屽湪Windows NT鍜孶nix涓嬫搷浣滅浉鍚屻
INFORMIX 浣跨敤鍜岀鐞嗗鏉傦紝鍛戒护琛屾搷浣溿傚鏁版嵁搴撶鐞嗕汉鍛樿姹傝緝楂樸
(5)銆佷娇鐢ㄩ闄
SQL Server 瀹屽叏閲嶅啓鐨勪唬鐮侊紝鎬ц兘鍜屽吋瀹规ф湁浜嗚緝澶х殑鎻愰珮锛屼笌Oracle锛孌B2鐨勬ц兘宸窛鏄庢樉鍑忓皬銆傝浜у搧鐨勫嚭鍙扮粡鍘嗕簡闀挎湡鐨勬祴璇曪紝涓轰骇鍝佺殑瀹夊叏鍜岀ǔ瀹氳繘琛屼簡鍏ㄩ潰鐨勬娴嬶紝瀹夊叏绋冲畾鎬ф湁浜嗘槑鏄剧殑鎻愰珮銆傜粡鍘嗕簡闀挎湡鐨勬祴璇曪紝涓嶆柇寤惰繜锛岃澶氬姛鑳介渶瑕佹椂闂存潵璇佹槑锛屽苟涓嶅崄鍒嗗吋瀹广
Oracle 闀挎椂闂寸殑寮鍙戠粡楠岋紝瀹屽叏鍚戜笅鍏煎锛屽緱鍒板箍娉涚殑搴旂敤锛屽畬鍏ㄦ病鏈夐闄┿傚彲浠ュ畨鍏ㄧ殑杩涜鏁版嵁搴撶殑鍗囩骇锛屽湪浼佷笟銆佹斂搴滀腑寰楀埌骞挎硾鐨勫簲鐢ㄣ傚苟涓斿鏋滃湪WINNT涓婃棤娉曟弧瓒虫暟鎹殑瑕佹眰锛屽彲浠ュ畨鍏ㄧ殑鎶婃暟鎹浆绉诲埌UNIX涓婃潵銆
SYBASE 鍚戜笅鍏煎, 浣嗘槸ct-library 绋嬪簭涓嶇泭绉绘銆傚紑鍙戞椂闂磋緝闀匡紝鍗囩骇杈冨鏉傦紝绋冲畾鎬ц緝濂斤紝鏁版嵁瀹夊叏鏈変繚闅溿傞闄╁皬銆傚湪瀹夊叏瑕佹眰鏋侀珮鐨勯摱琛岋紝 璇佸埜琛屼笟涓緱鍒颁簡骞挎硾鐨勫簲鐢ㄣ
DB2 鍦ㄥ法鍨嬩紒涓氬緱鍒板箍娉涚殑搴旂敤锛屽悜涓嬪吋瀹规уソ銆傞闄╁皬銆
INFORMIX 寮鍙戞椂闂磋緝闀匡紝鍗囩骇杈冨鏉傦紝绋冲畾鎬ц緝濂斤紝鏁版嵁瀹夊叏鏈変繚闅溿傞闄╁皬銆傚湪瀹夊叏瑕佹眰鏋侀珮鐨勯摱琛岋紝璇佸埜琛屼笟涓緱鍒颁簡骞挎硾鐨勫簲鐢ㄣ
(6)銆佸紑鏀炬
SQL Server 鍙兘鍦╓indows 涓婅繍琛岋紝C/S缁撴瀯锛屾病鏈変笣姣殑寮鏀炬э紝鎿嶄綔绯荤粺鐨勭郴缁熺殑绋冲畾瀵规暟鎹簱鏄崄鍒嗛噸瑕佺殑銆傚彧鏀寔Windows瀹㈡埛锛屽彲浠ョ敤ADO,DAO,OLEDB,ODBC杩炴帴銆俉indows9X绯诲垪浜у搧鏄亸閲嶄簬妗岄潰搴旂敤锛孨T server閫傚悎鍚勭澶т腑灏忓瀷鍨嬩紒涓氥傛搷浣滅郴缁熺殑绯荤粺鐨勭ǔ瀹氬鏁版嵁搴撴槸鍗佸垎閲嶈鐨勩俉indows骞冲彴鐨勫彲闈犳э紝瀹夊叏鎬х粡杩囦簡鏈楂樼骇鍒殑C2璁よ瘉鐨勩傚湪澶勭悊澶ф暟鎹噺鐨勫叧閿笟鍔℃椂鎻愪緵浜嗚緝濂界殑鎬ц兘銆傝屼笖windows骞冲彴鐨勫彲闈犳э紝瀹夊叏鎬у拰浼哥缉鎬ф槸闈炲父鏈夐檺鐨勩傚畠涓嶈薄unix閭ｆ牱涔呯粡鑰冮獙锛屽挨鍏舵槸鍦ㄥ鐞嗗ぇ鏁版嵁搴撱
Oracle 鑳藉湪鎵鏈変富娴佸钩鍙颁笂杩愯(鍖呮嫭 Windows)銆傚畬鍏ㄦ敮鎸佹墍鏈夌殑宸ヤ笟鏍囧噯銆傞噰鐢ㄥ畬鍏ㄥ紑鏀剧瓥鐣ャ傚灞傛缃戠粶璁＄畻锛屾敮鎸佸绉嶅伐涓氭爣鍑嗭紝鍙互鐢∣DBC,JDBC,OCI绛夌綉缁滃鎴疯繛鎺ャ傚彲浠ヤ娇瀹㈡埛閫夋嫨鏈閫傚悎鐨勮В鍐虫柟妗堛傚寮鍙戝晢鍏ㄥ姏鏀寔銆
SYBASE 鑳藉湪鎵鏈変富娴佸钩鍙颁笂杩愯锛孋/S缁撴瀯锛屽彲浠ョ敤ODBC銆丣connect銆丆t-library绛夌綉缁滃鎴疯繛鎺ャ傚湪閾惰涓氫腑寰楀埌浜嗗箍娉涚殑搴旂敤銆備絾鐢变簬鏃╂湡Sybase涓嶰S闆嗘垚搴︿笉楂橈紝鍥犳VERSION11.9.2浠ヤ笅鐗堟湰闇瑕佽緝澶歄S鍜孌B绾цˉ涓併傚湪澶氬钩鍙扮殑娣峰悎鐜涓紝浼氭湁涓瀹氶棶棰樸
DB2 鑳藉湪鎵鏈変富娴佸钩鍙颁笂杩愯(鍖呮嫭windows)銆傛湁杈冨ソ鐨勫紑鏀炬э紝鏈閫備簬娴烽噺鏁版嵁銆傝法骞冲彴锛屽灞傜粨鏋勶紝鏀寔ODBC,JDBC绛夊鎴枫傚湪澶у瀷鐨勫浗闄呬紒涓氫腑寰楀埌鏈涓哄箍娉涚殑搴旂敤,鍦ㄥ叏鐞冪殑500瀹舵渶澶х殑浼佷笟涓,鍑犱箮85%浠ヤ笂閲囩敤DB2鏁版嵁搴撴湇鍔″櫒锛岃屽浗鍐呭埌97骞寸害鍗5%銆
IINFORMIX 浠呰繍琛屽湪UNIX骞冲彴锛屽寘鎷琒UNOS銆丠PUX銆 ALFAOSF/1銆傚湪閾惰涓緱鍒板箍娉涚殑搴旂敤銆
(7)銆佹槗缁存姢鎬у拰浠锋牸
SQL Server 浠庢槗缁存姢鎬у拰浠锋牸涓奡QL Server鏄庢樉鍗犳湁浼樺娍銆傚熀浜嶮icrosoft鐨勪竴璐鏍硷紝SQL Server鐨勫浘褰㈢鐞嗙晫闈㈠甫鏉ヤ簡鏄庢樉鐨勬槗鐢ㄦэ紝寰蒋鐨勬暟鎹簱绠＄悊鍛樺煿璁繘琛岀殑姣旇緝鍏呭垎锛屽彲浠ヨ交鏉剧殑鎵惧埌寰堝ソ鐨勬暟鎹簱绠＄悊鍛橈紝鏁版嵁搴撶鐞嗚垂鐢ㄦ瘮杈冧綆锛孲QL Server鐨勪环鏍间篃鏄緢浣庣殑锛屼絾鏄湪License鐨勮喘涔颁笂浼氭姮楂樹环鏍笺傛讳綋鏉ヨSQL Server鐨勪环鏍煎湪鍟嗙敤鏁版嵁搴撲腑鏄渶浣庣殑銆
Oracle 浠庢槗缁存姢鎬у拰浠锋牸浣撴潵璇碠racle鐨勪环鏍兼槸姣旇緝楂樼殑锛岀鐞嗘瘮杈冨鏉傦紝鐢变簬Oracle鐨勫簲鐢ㄥ緢骞挎硾锛岀粡楠屼赴瀵岀殑Oracle鏁版嵁搴撶鐞嗗憳鍙互姣旇緝瀹规槗鐨勬壘鍒帮紝浠庤屽疄鐜癘racle鐨勮壇濂界鐞嗐傚洜姝racle鐨勬ц兘浠锋牸姣斿湪鍟嗙敤鏁版嵁搴撲腑鏄渶濂界殑銆
SYBASE SYBASE鐨勪环鏍兼槸姣旇緝浣庣殑锛屼絾鏄疭YBASE鐨勫湪浼佷笟鍜屾斂搴滀腑鐨勫簲鐢ㄨ緝灏戯紝寰堥毦鎵惧埌缁忛獙涓板瘜鐨勭鐞嗗憳锛岃繍琛岀鐞嗚垂鐢ㄨ緝楂樸
DB2 浠锋牸楂橈紝 绠＄悊鍛樺皯锛屽湪涓浗鐨勫簲鐢ㄨ緝灏戯紝杩愯绠＄悊璐圭敤閮藉緢楂橈紝閫傜敤浜庡ぇ鍨嬩紒涓氱殑鏁版嵁浠撳簱搴旂敤銆
INFORMIX 浠锋牸鍦ㄨ繖浜涚郴缁熶腑灞呬簬涓棿锛屼笌SYBASE涓鏍凤紝鍦ㄤ紒涓氬拰鏀垮簻涓簲鐢ㄨ緝灏戯紝浠呭湪閾惰涓緱鍒颁簡骞挎硾鐨勫簲鐢ㄣ傜粡楠屼赴瀵岀殑绠＄悊浜哄憳杈冨皯锛岃繍琛岀鐞嗚垂鐢ㄩ珮銆
浜屻佸懡浠
1.鍛戒护澶у叏
锛1锛.甯哥敤鎿嶄綔鏁版嵁搴撳懡浠
锛2锛.淇敼琛ㄧ殑鍛戒护
锛3锛.瀵规暟鎹殑鎿嶄綔
<1>澧炲姞鏁版嵁
- insert into 琛ㄥ悕 values(1,2); //娣诲姞鏁版嵁1鍜屾暟鎹2
- insert into 琛ㄥ悕(瀛楁1,瀛楁2) values(1,2);//娣诲姞鏁版嵁1鍜屾暟鎹2鍒板瓧娈1鍜屽瓧娈2
- insert into 琛ㄥ悕(瀛楁1,瀛楁2) values(1,2),(3,4);//澶氭暟鎹坊鍔
- delete from 琛ㄥ悕 where 鏉′欢;
- update 琛ㄥ悕 set 瀛楁1=1,瀛楁2=2 where 鏉′欢
- select* feom 琛ㄥ悕; //鏌ヨ琛ㄤ腑鎵鏈夋暟鎹簱
- select 瀛楁 from 琛ㄥ悕; //鏌ヨ璇ヨ〃涓嬬殑瀛楁
- select 瀛楁 from 琛ㄥ悕 where 鏉′欢; //鏍规嵁鎸囧畾鐨勬潯浠舵煡璇㈠瓧娈碉紙闈炲父甯哥敤锛
- select 瀛楁 from 琛ㄥ悕 id between 1 and 5;//鏌ユ壘瀛楁鍖洪棿涓1-5鐨勬暟鎹
- select 瀛楁 from 琛ㄥ悕 order by 瀛楁 锛坉esc//闄嶅簭|asc//鍗囧簭锛
- 涓句釜渚嬪瓙锛
- select* from studentname order by name锛宻tudentid desc, age asc;//寰堢畝鍗曟槸灏嗗鐢熻〃鐨勫鐢熷彿杩涜闄嶅簭鎺掑垪锛屽勾榫勮繘琛屽崌搴忔帓鍒
- 鍒嗙粍寰堢畝鍗曞氨鏄痝roup by 鐨勪娇鐢ㄥ浼氬氨鍙互浜
- 杩欓噷涓昏璁蹭竴鐐癸細
- select * from name limit(鍋忕Щ閲忥紝鏁伴噺);
- 鍏朵腑 鍋忕Щ閲=锛坣-1锛夆湒鏁伴噺
鑱斿悎杩欓噷灏遍渶瑕佽鍒 and or 鐨勭敤娉曪紝瀛楅潰鎰忔 and灏辨槸鍜 or灏辨槸鎴
- and:
- select uname,id,passwd from root and select whoani from admin;//杩欎釜鑲畾鍚屾椂杈撳嚭
- or:
- select uname,id,passwd from root or select whoani from admin;//閫夋嫨璧峰搫涓涓緭鍑
2.甯哥敤鐨勫嚱鏁
涓夈佹紨绀
1.鍩虹
杩欓噷鎴戜娇鐢ㄧ殑鏄痭ivacat宸ュ叿鐢ㄧ殑鏄痬ysql鏁版嵁搴擄紝涓嬮潰鐨勬紨绀洪兘鍦ㄨ繖涓幆澧冧腑杩涜婕旂ず
锛1锛夊缓绔嬫暟鎹簱
<1>鎵撳紑nivacat
<2>杩炴帴鏁版嵁搴
娉ㄦ剰涓鐐癸紝浣跨敤杩欎釜杞欢涔嬪墠闇瑕侀厤缃甅ysql鏁版嵁搴撳拰浠绘剰涓棿浠讹紝鎴戣繖鐢ㄧ殑鏄皬鐨潰鏉挎惌寤虹殑鐜
<3>寤哄簱
寤虹珛涓涓狹ySQL鏁版嵁搴
閰嶇疆闇瑕佺殑涓滆タ锛岃繖閲屽瘑鐮佷竴鑸兘鏄痳oot鎴栬123456锛屼笉鐭ラ亾鐨勫彲浠ユ煡鐪嬮厤缃枃浠
寤虹珛濂戒箣鍚庯紝鐐瑰嚮杩欏嚑鍙樻垚缁胯壊璇存槑灏辨垚鍔熸惌寤哄ソ鏁版嵁搴撱
锛2锛夋煡璇俊鎭
<1>鏌ヨ鎵鏈夊簱鍚
- show databases锛
<2>鏌ヨ琛
- show tables锛
<3>鏌ヨ瀛楁
- select id,pw from member
锛3锛夊鍔犳暟鎹
- insert into member(username,pw,sex,phonenum,address,email) values('admin','111','man','123','123','123@123.com');
<1>娣诲姞琛
<2>娣诲姞琛
锛4锛夊垹闄ゆ暟鎹
<1>鍒犻櫎搴
鍏堢湅涓嬪師鏉ョ殑琛ㄩ噷闈㈡槸瀛樺湪涓涓猼est鏁版嵁搴撶殑
鎵ц鍒犻櫎鍛戒护
- drop database test;
<2>鍒犻櫎琛
- drop table jianyu;
<3>鍒犻櫎瀛楁
- drop table jianyu;
<3>鍒犻櫎瀛楁
- delete from jianyu where shijian=2022;
- delete from member where id=25;
5锛夋洿鏀规暟鎹
<1>鏇存敼琛
鍘熷厛琛ㄤ负 massage
杈撳叆alter table message rename mg; //淇敼琛ㄥ悕
<2>鏇存敼瀛楁
鍘熸湰name=鈥欏彯褰撯 淇敼鍚巒ame=鈥樺紶涓夆
- update message set name='寮犱笁' where age=18;